

On our road walk back to the truck we passed the beautiful tree that you see above. Both of us were sure that we should recognize its unusual shape. Note how the branches curl up at each end? (see picture to the left) We knew that was a definitive feature! Then there were the buds. They were large, over 1/2 inch long each, a rich reddish brown, and.... sticky, yes, really sticky!
We walked just a few more yards and encountered a tree covered with these odd growths. Here was mystery number two. We were pretty sure that it was some sort of gall caused by an insect, but this was not one that I had seen before. The tree it was growing on was an oak, in fact a pin oak (which has a distinctive shape of its own). There were so many galls that I took my penknife and cut one branch off to take home to study.
Here is another example. Most of the galls were all on one tree. The minute we returned to Irene's she pulled out the tree books, and we quickly identified the tree with the sticky buds and turned up branches. Boy did we feel foolish. We should have recognized it for sure. It is a horsechestnut. They have large palmate leaves with 7 leaflets and a beautiful showy flower in the spring. At any other time of the year we would have known what it was!
Not so many years ago identifying the gall would have been tricky. Now, thanks to the internet it was a snap. This is a horned oak gall, created by a stingless wasp, the Callirhytis cornigera (horned oak gall wasp... duh). They can disfigure trees and cause branches to die back. In some areas of the country they are a bigger problem than others. One adult wasp emerges from each horn when they mature!
Finally, here is just a fun picture of the underside of a downed tree. I just liked the star shape of what is left of the roots.
See Letchworth and Gibsonville
We continued on to red point 3 where in the 1800s there was a village called Gibsonville. Then in the 1930s it was the site of a Civilian Conservation Corps work camp. This chimney is all that remains of a number of barracks, staff and officer's housing. There was an interpretive sign and we spent a lot of time trying to orient the camp with an aerial picture because it wasn't obvious which building this chimney was part of. We finally found some other foundations which helped us figure it out. It turned out that this building and a bridge that still remains don't even show in the picture. Nevertheless we liked another shot that showed the chimney in happier times.



